Acid Peptic Disease

Acid Peptic Disease (APD) encompasses a group of disorders including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and duodenal ulcers, caused primarily by an imbalance between stomach acid and the protective lining of the gastrointestinal tract. This condition often results from Helicobacter pylori infection, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), excessive alcohol intake, smoking, stress, or irregular eating habits. Common symptoms include a burning sensation or pain in the upper abdomen, bloating, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, loss of appetite, and in more severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding. Left untreated, APD can lead to serious complications such as perforation, obstruction, or chronic bleeding.

The management of Acid Peptic Disease requires a comprehensive and personalized treatment approach. This includes the use of antacids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, and antibiotics if an H. pylori infection is diagnosed. Alongside pharmacological interventions, lifestyle modifications play a crucial role—patients are advised to eat balanced meals at regular intervals, avoid spicy or acidic foods, quit smoking, limit alcohol, and manage stress effectively. Endoscopic evaluations may be necessary in cases with persistent symptoms or complications. With timely diagnosis and effective treatment, patients can achieve full recovery and long-term relief. A multidisciplinary care team ensures that both the physical symptoms and underlying causes are addressed, promoting optimal digestive health and an improved quality of life.